Very cool. Good luck! I used to work on this. Your synthetic dataset pipeline is really neat. A foundation model of molding defects might be feasible.
I hope you will also work on the whole inline quality control problem. From what I saw of the field, sometimes you only get the final quality days after painting, finishing or cool down of big parts. And the quality metric is notably undefined for visual defect, using the cad render as a reference is a good solution. Because plastic is so cheap and the process so stable, I have seen days of production shredded for a tiny perfectly repeated visual defects.
Injection molding machines are heavily instrumented [0] and I tried to mix in-mold sensors + process parameters + photo + thermography of hot parts [1] (sry it's in french, might find better doc later).
[0] https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&h...
[1] https://a1rb4ck.github.io/phd/#[128,%22XYZ%22,85.039,614.438...
It's so incredibly frustrating when you're past final assembly of some system, and only then do you see a defect that requires a teardown! You touched upon a really fun piece of defect detection -- quality metrics are highly dependent upon the customer, but that makes it fun for us
Great paper links too, I really appreciate that! My French is a little rusty, but I love the comic at the start!!