Assuming that "chemical modification" is when you modify something by adding a chemical reagent to it, milk is chemically modified to create cheese curds, sugars are chemically modified to create vinegar and alcohol, and breads & cakes are chemically modified when they rise.
However, this definition of chemical modification doesn't really include hydrogenated vegetable oil. Industrial hydrogenation is done by raising oil to very high temperatures in the presence of a nickel catalyst & then adding hydrogen. We modify it on a chemical level, but primarily by heating it, not by adding reactive substances. And if that counts as chemical modification, then so does cooking!
Anyway, no—people generally used "processed" to describe a particular vibe they get from certain foodstuffs whose production seems too industrialized. There's no rigorous basis for determining what is and isn't "processed" because people use it to describe their feelings about food, not any underlying property of food.
If you search a simple question like "is bread processed," you get a bunch of articles saying "well, since there's no agreed-upon definition for processing and the definitions we do have aren't particularly clear, there's really no answer to the question. But don't worry, because (given the overwhelming vagueness of the category), it's also impossible to say whether processed foods as a category have any health implications, so you shouldn't worry about it."
What is stopping him from simply militarily occupying Greenland indefinitely? He could just fabricate a reason (“national security”, “drugs”, etc.) and send troops. Wouldn’t need to involve Congress for that kind of military action, and the Supreme Court has said that all other branches of government should defer to the executive’s judgment on foreign policy. And there is zero chance a Republican House would impeach him for doing that.
The DG novel was partly based on the Doctor Who story where there were six copies of the Mona Lisa, and the bad guy wanted to go back to primitive Earth before multicellular life.
"The atmosphere is poisonous. I'm not sure what's in it but it would certainly get your carpets nice and clean."
reply